双语：麦当劳将在全球逐步停用抗生素鸡

　　LOS ANGELES - McDonald’s Corp on Wednesday said that it would begin curbing the use of the high value human antibiotics in its global chicken supply in 2018, as the fast-food giant joins a broad effort to battle dangerous superbugs.

　　洛杉矶—美国快餐连锁巨头麦当劳公司周三表示，要求全球的鸡肉供应商在2018年开始逐步停止使用人类抗生素，以防止出现危险的超级细菌。

　　McDonald’s, in a policy statement, said it is working on antibiotic plans for other meats, dairy cows and laying hens.

　　麦当劳在一份政策声明中称其还计划将这一政策推广至其他肉类、奶牛和蛋鸡。

　　McDonald’s is requiring suppliers of chicken meat to begin phasing out the use of antibiotics defined by the World Health Organization as "highest priority critically important antimicrobials" (HPCIA) to human medicine.

　　麦当劳在声明中要求肉鸡供应商逐步停用世界卫生组织认定的人类药物中“最高优先级的重要抗菌药物”(HPCIA)。

　　Public health and consumer groups applauded the move, which is not as strict as the company’s policy for the United States, where already for a year suppliers have provided the chain with chickens raised without antibiotics deemed important to human health.

　　公共卫生和消费者团体对这一举措表示欢迎，尽管这并没有美国本土的政策严格。在过去一年，美国当地的鸡肉供应商已经供应了对人类健康无害的未使用抗生素的鸡。

　　In January 2018, HPCIAs will be gone from McDonald’s chickens in Brazil, Canada, Japan, South Korea, the United States and Europe. Only in Europe the company will make an exception for Colistin, a last resort antibiotic.

　　从2018年1月开始，麦当劳停止为包括巴西、加拿大、日本、韩国、美国和欧洲在内的国家和地区提供抗生素鸡，不过欧洲供应商仍然可以使用粘菌素。

　　By the end of 2019, suppliers in Australia and Russia will stop using HPCIAs and European suppliers plan to remove Colistin.

　　至2019年底，澳大利亚和俄罗斯的供应商将停止使用这些抗生素，欧洲供应商则停止使用粘菌素。

　　Suppliers in all other markets will comply by January 2027.

　　其余市场供应商至2027年1月全面停止使用抗生素。

　　"Our goal is to have this policy implemented before this date," McDonald’s said in its posted antibiotic policy update.

　　麦当劳在其更新的抗生素政策表明：“我们的目标是在预期时间之前实施这项政策。”

　　McDonald’s told a group of consumer and environmental organizations on Aug. 17 that 74 percent of its global chicken sales will conform to this policy as of January 2018, Consumers Union, the policy division of Consumer Reports, said in a statement.

　　消费者联盟的消费者报告政策处在一份声明中说，麦当劳在8月17日对消费者和环境组织表示，截至2018年1月，其全球鸡肉销量的74%都将符合这一政策。

　　McDonald’s declined comment on sales figures and its plans for beef.

　　麦当劳拒绝就其销售数据和牛肉抗生素计划发表评论。

　　More than 70 percent of medically important antibiotics in the United States are sold for livestock use.

　　在美国，超过70%的重要的医学抗生素被用于牲畜。

　　Scientists have warned routine use of antibiotics to promote growth and prevent illness in healthy farms animals contributes to the rise of dangerous antibiotic-resistant superbug infections, which kill at least 23,000 Americans each year and pose a significant threat to global health.

　　科学家们警告说，为促进动物生长和预防疾病而常规使用抗生素会导致抗药性强的超级细菌产生。在美国每年至少有2.3万人因感染超级细菌而死亡，超级细菌对全球健康构成了重大威胁。

　　"If fully implemented, (the plans) could be a total game changer that could transform the marketplace given the company’s massive buying power," Jean Halloran, Consumers Union’s director of food policy initiatives, said in a statement.

　　消费者联盟的食品政策行动主任Jean Halloran在一份声明中说，由于麦当劳巨大的购买力，如果这一(抗生素)计划完全实施，可能彻底改变市场格局。