狼吞虎咽易发胖慢慢享受食物吧！（双语）

　　In an era of TV dinners, fast food and on-the-go snacking, the pleasure of languidly savouring a meal has become a luxury largely consigned to special occasions.

　　在一个冷冻快餐、便当和边走边吃小吃盛行的时代，细细品味的乐趣基本上成为了一种只有在特定场合才有的奢侈。

　　But a new study suggests that taking the time to stop and enjoy each mouthful could be the secret of a healthy heart, and a slimmer waistline.

　　但一项新的研究表明，花时间享受每一口食物可能是保持心脏健康和身材苗条的秘诀。

　　Research by Japanese scientists has found that people who eat slowly and mindfully are less likely to pile on the pounds or develop metabolic syndrome - the name for a cluster of dangerous health problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity which can damage the heart.

　　日本科学家所做的研究发现，细嚼慢咽的人体重增加或患代谢综合征——一系列危险的健康问题，例如高血压、糖尿病和可能危及心脏的肥胖——的几率要更低。

　　For the new study, researchers followed more than 1,000 middle-aged men and women for five years, monitoring their eating speed, and health.

　　为了开展新的研究，研究者们对1000多名中年男女进行了为期五年的跟踪，调查他们的进食速度和健康情况。

　　They found that just 2.3 per cent of the slow eaters developed metabolic syndrome over the study period, compared with 6.5 per cent of medium speed eaters, and 11.6 per cent of the fast eaters.

　　他们发现，在研究期间，只有2.3%的慢速进食者患上代谢综合征，而中速进食者为6.5%，快速进食者为11.6%。

　　It means that fast eaters who gobbled down their food were five times more likely to develop symptoms which raised their risk of a heart attack, diabetes and stroke. The faster eaters were also more than three times more likely to have gained three stone in weight.

　　这意味着狼吞虎咽的快速进食者患心脏病、糖尿病和中风的风险高出四倍。他们体重增加三英石的可能性也高出两倍多。

　　Scientists believe that eating too quickly prevents the brain from noticing when the body has taken in too many calories. When the body cannot use up calories it stores them as fat, placing pressure on the heart. Eating too fast also appears to cause spikes of blood sugar, which can stop insulin working effectively.

　　科学家们相信，吃得太快影响大脑发现身体摄入太多热量的时间。当身体无法消耗掉热量时，就会将热量储存为脂肪，给心脏增加压力。吃得太快还可能引发血糖上升，从而影响胰岛素有效工作。

　　"Eating more slowly may be a crucial lifestyle change to help prevent metabolic syndrome," said Dr Takayuki Yamaji, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan.

　　这项研究的作者、日本广岛大学心脏病学家山治孝之说：“放慢吃饭速度或许是一种生活方式的重要改变，有助于预防代谢综合征。”

　　"When people eat fast they tend not to feel full and are more likely to overeat. Eating fast causes bigger glucose fluctuation, which can lead to insulin resistance.

　　“当人们吃得快时，往往不会感到饱，更有可能会吃多。吃得快会引发更大的葡萄糖波动，从而导致胰岛素抵抗。”

　　Metabolic syndrome affects one in four adults in Britain. On their own diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity can damage blood vessels, but having all three together is particularly dangerous.

　　在英国，四分之一的成年人存在代谢综合征。糖尿病、高血压和肥胖都可能影响血管，但三种症状加在一起尤其危险。

　　Heart charities said the study showed that taking time for meals, rather than eating at a desk or grabbing a snack on the way home, could help people stay healthy.

　　心脏病慈善机构称，这项研究表明，花时间吃饭而不是在办工桌前吃或是在回家的路上吃点小吃，可能有助于人们保持健康。

　　“If anything, it’s a reminder that many of us have hectic lifestyles which may include eating quickly at the desk over lunchtime, or in a rush commuting home,” said Professor Jeremy Pearson, Associate Medical Director at the British Heart Foundation.

　　英国心脏基金会医学副主任杰雷米.皮尔逊教授说：“总之，要提醒大家的是，我们中的许多人都有忙乱的生活方式，或许包含午餐时间在办公桌前快速吃饭，要么在回家路上匆忙吃点东西。”

　　“When doing this, it’s important that people take the time to choose healthy balanced options, rather than just reaching for ready meals or takeaways.”

　　“这么做时，花点时间选择健康均衡的食物而不是速食餐或外卖就很重要了。”

　　Esmee Russell, Head of Prevention and Campaigns at the Stroke Association added: “Obesity is a huge health challenge, and it can be the reason behind a devastating stroke. Being overweight increases your risk of ischaemic stroke by 22 per cent, and if you are obese, the risk increases by 64 per cent so tackling obesity is crucial.

　　中风协会预防和推动主管埃丝梅.拉塞尔补充说：“肥胖是一个巨大的健康挑战，它可能成为毁灭性中风的罪魁祸首。体重超重会将缺铁性中风风险增加22%，如果达到肥胖程度，风险就会增加64%，因此减肥至关重要。”

　　“There are a number of simple steps we can all take to lower our risk of stroke, including eating a balanced diet, taking regular exercise and having a regular blood pressure check. Anyone with any concerns should have a chat with their GP.”

　　“降低中风风险有许多简单的方法，包括饮食均衡、定期锻炼和定期检查血压。有任何担心都应该去咨询家庭医生。”

　　The research was presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2017.

　　这项研究在美国心脏病协会2017年科学年会上公之于众。