CNN专访扎克伯格：Facebook数据泄露他是怎么说的！

　　What went wrong

　　什么地方出错了

　　Laurie Segall: I’m gonna start with just a basic question, Mark, what happened? What went wrong?

　　CNN记者劳丽.西格尔：我要从一个基本的问题开始，马克，发生了什么事?什么地方出错了?

　　Mark Zuckerberg: So this was a major breach of trust and I’m really sorry that this happened. You know we have a basic responsibility to protect people’s data and if we can’t do that then we don’t deserve to have the opportunity to serve people. So our responsibility now is to make sure that this doesn’t happen again. And there are a few basic things that I think we need to do to ensure that. One is making sure that developers like Aleksandr Kogan, who got access to a lot of information and then improperly used it, just don’t get access to as much information going forward. So we are doing a set of things to restrict the amount of access that developers can get going forward. But the other is we need to make sure that there aren’t any other Cambridge Analyticas out there. Right, or folks who have improperly accessed data. So we’re gonna go now and investigate every app that has access to a large amount of information from before we locked down our platform. And if we detect any suspicious activity we’re gonna do a full forensic audit.

　　扎克伯格：这是对信任的严重违背，我非常抱歉发生了这样的事情，我们有保护人们数据的基本责任。如果我们不这样做，我们就不应该提供服务。所以现在所有的责任就是要保证这样的事情不会再发生。为了确保做到这一点，我认为有几件基础的事情要去做。其中一个是，像亚历山大·科根(Aleksandr Kogan)这样能够访问大量数据、然后不恰当使用它的开发者，不应该进一步访问我们的信息。我们要做一些设置，限制开发者对数据的访问量。其次，我们必须要确保不会有其他像“剑桥分析” (Cambridge Analytica)这样的外部公司，我们会对所有有权限访问大量用户数据的APP进行调查，然后锁定我们的平台，如果发现有可疑行为就进行完整的审查。

　　Zuckerberg: We’re going to review thousands of apps. So, this is gonna be an intensive process, but this is important. I mean this is something that in retrospect we clearly should have done, upfront, with Cambridge Analytica. We should not have trusted the certification that they gave us. And we’re not gonna make that mistake again. I mean this is our responsibility to our community, is to make sure that we secure the data that they’re sharing with us.

　　我们要开始审查数以千计的应用程序。所以，这将是一个紧张的过程，但这很重要。我的意思是，现在回顾起来，这个工作显然应该是之前就要做的。首当其冲的就是“剑桥分析”。我们不应该信任他们给我们的认证。我们不会再犯这个错误。我的意思是，这是我们对社区的责任，是为了保护他们与我们分享的数据而应尽的责任。

　　Segall: Will you take legal action against Cambridge Analytica?

　　西格尔：你将会对剑桥分析展开法律行动吗?

　　Zuckerberg: Well the first thing that we need to do is actually understand what happened. So, you know, right now we have the report from the Times and the Guardian and Channel 4 that said that they thought that Cambridge Analytica might have access to data still. But the first thing that we need to do is complete our audit there... the short answer is that if we go in and find that Cambridge Analytica still has access to the data, we’re gonna take all legal steps that we can to make that the data of people in our community is protected.

　　扎克伯格：我们要做的第一件事情就是了解究竟发生了什么。我们现在是从《纽约时报》、《卫报》以及“第四频道”这几家媒体的报道中了解到，“剑桥分析”公司窃取了数据。但是首先我们需要完成内部审计，简单地说，如果我们发现“剑桥分析”仍然使用那些数据，我们将采取一切法律行动，确保平台上用户数据受到保护。

　　Segall: Respond to the users who say you didn’t get in front of it because we’re here talking about it today.

　　西格尔：一些用户说你没有直接面对他们。

　　Zuckerberg: Well, clearly I wish we’d taken those steps earlier. I mean, that, that I think is probably the biggest mistake that we made here ... the feedback from the community and the world has overwhelmingly been, that, if you balance these two values of being able to take your data and some data from friends to be able to have social experiences on other apps on the one hand, this ideal of kind of data portability. And on the other hand, making sure that your data’s always locked down. Guaranteeing that it never goes anywhere. You know I think we’ve started off a little bit on the idealistic, and maybe naive side, right, of thinking that that vision around data portability and enabling social apps was gonna be what our community preferred, and I think what we’ve learned over time very clearly is that the most important thing always is making sure that people’s data is locked down. And that’s a mistake that ... we fixed a few years back and I don’t expect us to make again.

　　扎克伯格：确实，我也希望可以早点采取措施。我认为这是我们犯下的最大的错误，平台上和外界有大量的反馈……如果你能够平衡获取数据和在其他的应用上获得社交体验，这将是数据移动性的理想情况。但另一方面是确保你的数据永远是被封锁的，永远不会去其他的地方。我认为我们的视角可能有点理想主义，也许也有点天真，认为数据的移动性以及使社交应用能够使用是平台首选。但我也逐渐了解到，最重要的事情是确保用户的数据被锁住。这是我们在几年前修正的错误，而且我不希望再次犯错。

　　On ’selling data’

　　Facebook有没有在卖用户数据

　　Segall: Is your business model on trial here?

　　西格尔：你们的商业模式正在经受考验?

　　Zuckerberg: You know, one of the big misconceptions about Facebook is this idea that we somehow sell data. We don’t sell any data to anyone and that’s actually a really key part of the model. Both for protecting people’s personal data and privacy, but also because, you know the competitive advantage of a lot of our services, whether that’s ranking News Feed or ranking search or even ranking ads is that people do share a lot of information on Facebook and therefore we can build better services. So we don’t want data to be able to get out. When that happens, that’s not good for people in our community, that’s not good for our business. So, that’s not actually how ads work on the service and it actually has never been. An advertiser can come to us and say, "Hey, I’d like to reach women within this age range" and if we understand who is in that then we can show that ad but none of that information goes to the advertiser.

　　扎克伯格：对于Facebook最大的误解就是，我们在以某种方式销售数据。我们不将数据卖给任何人，这是我们公司模式的关键，无论是为了保护人们的数据和隐私，还是为了提升我们服务的竞争优势。因为无论是信息流还是搜索排名和广告，依靠人们在Facebook上分享的信息，我们才能够提供更好的服务。所以我们不希望这些数据被泄露。如果这些(指销售数据)事情发生，这对于平台上的用户来说不是好事，对我们来说更加不是。所以(指销售数据)这不是广告运作的方式。广告主可以和我们说，“嘿，我想让广告触达这一年龄段的女性。”那么我们会知道哪些用户符合并向用户展现广告，但绝不会把用户信息交给广告主。

　　How Facebook is fighting election meddling

　　西格尔：Facebook如何对抗扰乱选举的行为?

　　Zuckerberg: I think what’s clear is that in 2016, we were not as on top of a number of issues as we should have [been] whether it was Russian interference or fake news. But what we have seen since then is, a number of months later there was a major French election, and there we deployed some AI tools that did a much better job of identifying Russian bots and basically Russian potential interference and weeding that out of the platform ahead of the election. And we were much happier with how that went. In 2017, last year, during the special election, the senate seat in Alabama, we deployed some new AI tools that we built to detect fake accounts that were trying to spread false news and we found a lot of different accounts coming from Macedonia. So, I think the reality here is that this isn’t rocket science. Right? And there’s a lot of hard work that we need to do to make it harder for nation-states like Russia to do election interference, to make it so that trolls and other folks can’t spread fake news, but we can get in front of this. And we have a responsibility to do this, not only for the 2018 midterms in the U.S., which are going to be a huge deal this year and that’s just a huge focus for us but there’s a big election in India this year, there’s a big election in Brazil, there are big elections around the world, and you can bet that we are really committed to doing everything that we need to to make sure that the integrity of those elections on Facebook is secured.

　　扎克伯格：我觉得明确的是，2016年，我们没有做到应该做的，把这一系列问题放到重中之重，不管是俄罗斯干涉选举或是假新闻。但从那之后，我们看到的是，几个月后有重要的法国大选，那时我们采用了一些AI(人工智能)工具，它做得好多了，能够辨别俄罗斯机器人账号，或是在选举之前将俄罗斯意图干涉选举的东西移除平台。我们很高兴事情在变好。在2017年，奥拉巴马州参议员席位的特殊选举中，我们采用了新研发的AI工具，探测出来传播假新闻的假账号，很多账号来自马其顿共和国。我想这里的现实是，这不是火箭科学，对吗?有很多复杂的工作必须要做，要让如其他国家不能轻易干涉选举，不能轻易让坏人和民众传播假新闻，但我们可以做到。我们对此有责任，不仅是因为2018年美国中期选举，这是我们会关注的重大事件，还因为今年在印度、在巴西和世界各国都有大选。我们真的在致力于我们需要做的每一件事，保证在Facebook上这些选举的公正。