双语：面临人口危机的10个国家

　　众所周知，日本的人口危机已经将日本推到了悬崖边缘，然而，世界上面临人口危机的国家何止日本一个，许多国家都因为出生率过低、人口老龄化而面临劳动力不足的困境。在商业内幕网看来，下面这十个国家都面临不同程度的人口危机。

　　United States 美国

　　In the United States, the fertility rate has reached a record low of 1.76. The fertility rate in the United States fell to an all-time low last year. Americans' average life expectancy, meanwhile, sits at a relatively high 78.7 years.

　　去年，美国的生育率已经降到1.76，创下历史新低。美国人均寿命相对较高，为78.7岁。

　　Many experts say the 2008 economic recession and high college tuition are contributing to this trend.

　　许多专家表示，2008年的经济衰退和高额的大学学费是低生育率背后的原因。

　　According to a 2018 survey in The New York Times, however, adults who want kids say they sometimes end up having few, or zero, kids due to the high cost of childcare. The average cost of full-time childcare exceeds $10,000 a year in several states, according to Child Care Aware of America.

　　《纽约时报》2018年的一项调查显示，想要孩子的成年人表示因为育儿费用太高，所以没要孩子或者只生育了一两个小孩。根据美国育儿意识机构的数据，在美国的几个州，一年的全日托儿费都超过了1万美元(6.85万元人民币)。

　　The US birth rate has remained below "replacement level" since the 1970s, which means not enough children are being born to keep the population at a steady level.

　　自从上世纪70年代以来，美国的生育率就一直在更替水平之下，这意味着出生的孩子数量无法让人口总量保持稳定。

　　Last year, the US Census Bureau wrote in a paper that women who have kids between the ages of 25 and 35 have more difficulty in getting fair pay than women who give birth outside of that range. American women are now having children older than ever.

　　去年，美国人口普查局在一篇报告中写道，在25岁和35岁之间生育孩子的女性相比在其他年龄段生育的女性更难得到公平的薪酬。现在美国女性的生育年龄高于以往。

　　Spain 西班牙

　　Spain has more deaths than births each year, and some towns are already nearly abandoned.

　　西班牙每年的死亡人数都超过出生人数，一些城镇甚至因人口凋零而被荒废。

　　Spanish women tend to give birth later in life than most other European women, and Spaniards also live longer than anyone else in the European Union. On average, women in Spain have 1.5 children.

　　西班牙女性的生育年龄比多数欧洲女性都更大，而西班牙人的平均寿命又高于其他欧盟公民。在西班牙，女性平均生育1.5个小孩。

　　In Spain's northeastern Aragon region, one village already shows what a demographic time bomb can look like. The only remaining residents of La Estrella are two people in their 80s.

　　在西班牙东北部的亚拉贡地区，人口定时炸弹的效应已经在一个名为拉埃斯特雷的村庄显现。这个村子最后剩下的两个居民都是八十多岁。

　　Last year, the Spanish government hired a special commissioner to determine how to reverse falling birth rates.

　　去年，西班牙政府任命了一位特别专员来想办法逆转生育率下降的局面。

　　Italy 意大利

　　A rise in immigration to Italy has not helped the country steer clear of becoming a demographic time bomb.

　　意大利移民的增加并没有让这个国家免于人口危机。

　　A record-low 464,000 children were born in Italy last year, and the country's mean age has surpassed 45 for the first time ever.

　　去年，464000名婴儿在意大利出生，达到历史新低，而意大利人的平均年龄首次超过了45岁。

　　Many Italians want to have two or more children, The Local reported, but cite difficulties in finding employment as a factor in their decisions not to.

　　据《本地人》报道，许多意大利人想要两个以上的小孩，但是因为工作难找而决定放弃。