2018年搞笑诺贝尔奖颁布！医学奖：坐过山车可排出肾结石

　　一年一度的搞笑诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼上周在哈佛大学举行。此次共颁发了10项搞笑诺贝尔奖，这些研究看上去十分好笑，但却引人深思。一起来看看各位获奖科学家们的研究成果。

　　先来看看，搞笑诺贝尔奖到底是个啥?

　　搞笑诺贝尔奖创始于1991年，由科学幽默杂志《不可思议研究年报(Annals of Improbable Research)》主办，最早在麻省理工学院的博物馆内举行。从第五次颁奖开始，哈佛大学桑德斯剧院接过接力棒，至今走过近三十个年头。

　　奖项设立的初衷，是为表彰那些让人忍俊不禁后又发人深省的研究。搞笑诺贝尔奖每年颁发10个奖项，除了对标诺贝尔奖的生物、化学、医学、物理、和平、经济和文学等奖项之外，还包括其他随机的细分奖项。获奖者自费到场，领取由廉价原材料制作的手工奖杯和普通A4纸打印的获奖证书。

　　今年的主题是“心脏”(the Heart)。与往届一样，今年共颁发了10个奖项。所有获奖者都将获得10万亿津巴布韦币的“高额”奖金!

　　奖杯很廉价，几周就会烂掉，打印的证书上则会有真正诺奖得主的签名。

　　自2012年起加入经济奖励——面额高达10000000000000的津巴布韦币，约合人民币0.18元。

　　The Ig Nobels are spoof prizes that are published in the Annals of Improbable Research.

　　搞笑诺贝尔奖公布在科学幽默杂志《不可思议研究年报》上。

　　Many of the topics recognised in the awards actually have a serious point to them.

　　很多获奖的奖项其实也有严肃的一面。

　　所以人们常说，搞笑诺贝尔奖都是“乍看之下令人发笑，之后发人深省”的研究。

　　医学奖：坐过山车可排出肾结石

　　如果你在苦苦等待结石自主排出体外，去坐一趟过山车吧。研究人员发现，过山车能加速肾结石排出体外——坐后排的话效果更好。

　　Riding on some types of roller-coaster is an effective way of removing kidney stones.

　　乘坐某些类型的过山车可以有效清除人体内的肾结石。

　　This is the conclusion of research that has won this year's Ig Nobel Prize for Medicine.

　　这项研究获得了今年的搞笑诺贝尔医学奖。

　　The US researchers who carried out the work recommend that those afflicted with the condition should regularly use the theme park attractions.

　　开展这项研究的美国研究者建议说，肾结石患者应定期乘坐过山车。

　　The inspiration behind the roller-coaster research began several years ago when one of Prof David Wartinger's patients at Michigan State University's College of Osteopathic Medicine returned from a holiday trip to Walt Disney World in Florida.

　　有关坐过山车排出肾结石的研究灵感始于数年前，当时大卫-沃汀格教授在密歇根州立大学骨科医学院的一位病人前来就诊，当时这位病人刚从佛罗里达迪士尼世界度假归来。

　　The patient reported that one of his kidney stones became dislodged after a ride on the Big Thunder Mountain ride.

　　这位病人说，在乘坐了大雷山过山车后，他的一颗肾结石排出了体外。

　　Wondering whether it was caused by the ride or a coincidence, the patient went on the ride several more times and each time a stone popped out.

　　他很好奇这是坐过山车导致的，还是巧合，就又坐了几次过山车，每次都能排出一颗肾结石。

　　Intrigued by the story, Prof Wartinger built a silicone model of his patient's renal system, including artificial kidney stones, and took it with him on numerous rides.

　　受此启发，沃汀格教授为这位病人建立了肾脏硅胶模型，其中放置了几颗人造肾结石，之后坐了很多次过山车，每次都带上这个模型。

　　He discovered that Big Thunder Mountain was indeed effective - more so than the scarier rides such as Space Mountain or Rock 'n' Roller Coaster which involve prolonged drops.

　　他发现，乘坐大雷山过山车的确可以排出肾结石，虽然飞越太空山过山车和摇滚过山车都比大雷山过山车更惊险，而且下跃路程更长，但效果却不及大雷山过山车。

　　Prof Wartinger concluded that this was because Big Thunder Mountain involves more up and down and side to side movements that "rattle" the rider.

　　沃汀格教授得出结论称，这是因为大雷山过山车的上升和下跃以及左右翻转次数更多，让乘坐者来回“摇晃”。

　　At the awards ceremony, held at Harvard University, each winner has 60 seconds to deliver an acceptance speech. The time limit is strictly enforced by an eight-year-girl who says "please stop I'm bored" several times until the speaker finishes.

　　在美国哈佛大学举行的颁奖典礼上，每位获奖者有一分钟时间发表获奖感言。一位8岁的小女孩会严格控制时长，她会重复说“请停下来吧，我都听烦了”，直到发言完毕。