两美国经济学家获诺贝尔经济学奖（双语）

　　US economists William Nordhaus and Paul Romer have jointly won this year’s Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for their work on climate change and innovation.

　　美国经济学家威廉·诺德豪斯(William Nordhaus)和保罗·罗默(Paul Romer)因他们在气候变化和创新方面的研究成果共同赢得今年的诺贝尔经济学奖(Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences)。

　　The Nobel committee said the pair had “brought us considerably closer to answering the question of how we can achieve sustained and sustainable economic growth”, by developing models that explain how the market economy interacts with nature and knowledge.

　　诺贝尔奖委员会表示，这两人“让我们大幅接近回答出一个问题：我们如何实现持续和可持续的经济增长?”，因为他们开发了解释市场经济如何与自然和知识相互作用的模型。

　　Mr Nordhaus, a professor at Yale, won recognition for his pioneering work integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis. He began working on the concept of “green accounting” in the 1970s and was the first to create a quantitative model describing the global interplay between the economy and climate.

　　身为耶鲁(Yale)教授的诺德豪斯因其将气候变化纳入长期宏观经济分析的开创性工作而获得这一殊荣。他在20世纪70年代就开始研究“绿色会计”的概念，并且率先创建了描述经济与气候之间全球相互作用的定量模型。

　　Paul Romer, a professor at New York University’s Stern School of Business — and former chief economist at the World Bank — has been recognised for work that laid the foundations of endogenous growth theory.

　　保罗·罗默是纽约大学(New York University)斯特恩商学院(Stern School of Business)教授，曾担任世界银行(World Bank)首席经济学家。为内生增长理论奠定基础的研究成果使他获得诺奖。

　　One of his first big contributions was to show that “ideas” were the missing ingredient of economic growth, contributing as much as the traditional inputs of labour, skills and physical capital — and that this could help explain the big variation in growth and living standards between otherwise similar countries.

　　他的首批重大贡献之一就是表明“创意”是经济增长的缺失成分，与劳动力、技能和有形资本等传统要素做出同样大的贡献——这有助于解释其他条件相似的国家在经济增长和生活水平上的巨大差异。

　　He went on to show that rules, or policy interventions — around patent law, competition law or subsidies for research and development — are vital to encourage actors in a market economy to produce the ideas needed to drive long-run growth.

　　他后来的研究表明，围绕专利法、竞争法或研发补贴的规则或政策干预，对于鼓励市场经济中的行为主体迸发出推动长期增长所需的创意至关重要。