研究表明：机场安检托盘可能比厕所还脏（双语）

　　Airport security is there to protect you, but it may also give you the sniffles — or worse.

　　机场安检本来是用来保护你的，但它也可能会给你带来鼻塞——或者更糟。

　　To all the places and surfaces we’ve been warned are teeming with germs or bacteria — your pets, the subway seat, airplane cabins, the A.T.M. — add the airport security tray.

　　我们一直被警告，很多地方和表面上都充满了病菌或细菌——你的宠物、地铁座位、机舱、ATM机——现在，再加上机场安检托盘。

　　The plastic trays — used at airport checkpoints around the globe and touched by millions of passengers as they drop shoes, laptops, luggage and other items into them to clear X-ray scanners — have been found to harbor a variety of germs, including the ones responsible for the common cold, according to researchers in Europe.

　　欧洲研究人员表示，那些全球各地的机场安检处都在使用的塑料托盘——数百万乘客在将鞋子、笔记本电脑、行李和其他物品放入其中以接受X光扫描——已被发现藏有各种细菌，包括那些会导致感冒的细菌在内。

　　Scientists from the University of Nottingham in England and the Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare swabbed frequently touched surfaces at Helsinki Airport in Finland during and after peak hours in the winter of 2016 and picked up traces of rhinovirus, the source of the common cold, and of the influenza A virus.

　　来自英格兰诺丁汉大学(University of Nottingham)和芬兰国家健康与福利研究所(Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare)的科学家在2016年冬季高峰时段和之后的时间，在芬兰赫尔辛基机场被频繁接触过的表面取样，收集到鼻病毒的痕迹，这是普通感冒和甲型流感病毒的病毒源头。

　　They found traces on half the luggage trays, more than on any of the other surfaces they tested. None of these viruses were found on toilet surfaces at the airport, they said.

　　他们在一半的行李托盘上发现了病毒的痕迹，上面的病毒比他们测试过的任何其他表面都要多。他们说，在机场的厕所表面上没有发现这些病毒。

　　The findings, published in the journal BMC Infectious Diseases, could help improve public health strategies in the fight against the spread of infectious diseases worldwide.

　　这些发表在《BMC传染病》(BMC Infectious Diseases)期刊上的研究结果可以帮助改善公共卫生策略，以对抗全球传染病的传播。

　　The study could also help educate people on how the infections we try to avoid each winter spread, Jonathan Van-Tam, a professor of health protection at the University of Nottingham, said in an emailed statement on Wednesday.

　　诺丁汉大学卫生保健教授乔纳森.范-塔姆(Jonathan Van-Tam)周三在一份电子邮件声明中表示，该研究还可以帮助人们了解冬季传播的感染情况，而这样的传染是我们一直试图避免的。

　　Many of the surfaces we touch on a daily basis harbor and can spread germs. These include mobile phones, kitchen sponges and even cute bathtub rubber ducks. But air travel is known to accelerate the worldwide spread of diseases such as the flu, released naturally, and potentially of others released intentionally.

　　我们每天接触的许多表面都含有、并且会传播细菌，包括手机，厨房海绵，甚至是可爱的浴缸橡皮鸭。但众所周知，航空出行可以加速世界范围内流感等疾病的传播，这些病毒是自然释放的，也可能是其他人故意释放的。

　　The European Union has funded a research project, called Pandhub, on preventing the spread of “high-threat” pathogens through public transportation, and the study by the University of Nottingham and Finnish institute is part of that project.

　　欧盟资助了一项名为“Pandhub”的研究项目，旨在防止“高威胁”病原体通过公共交通传播，诺丁汉大学和芬兰研究所的研究是该项目的一部分。

　　“The presence of microbes in the environment of an airport has not been investigated previously,” said Niina Ikonen, a virology expert at the Finnish institute, who was involved in the study.

　　芬兰研究所病毒学专家尼娜.伊科宁(Niina Ikonen)参与了这项研究，她说：“以前没有人调查过机场环境中的微生物。”

　　She added that the results provided new ideas for technical improvements in airport design and refurbishment.

　　她补充说，研究结果为机场设计和翻新的技术改进提供了新的思路。

　　Finavia, the company that operates Helsinki Airport, said in an email: “At Finavia airports, the hygiene protocols are carried in accordance to health officials’ requirements — all surfaces are cleaned daily and all security check point trays, etc., are washed regularly.”

　　经营赫尔辛基机场的公司Finavia在一封电子邮件中说表示：“在Finavia经营的机场，卫生标准是按照卫生官员的要求实施的——所有表面都会每天清洁，所有安全检查点的托盘等物品都会定期清洗。”

　　The results of the study did not prove that the viruses found can cause disease, the researchers’ statement said. But previous research had proved that microbes can survive on various surfaces for several days.

　　研究人员的声明表示，研究结果并未证明发现的病毒可能导致疾病。但以前的研究已经证明，微生物可以在不同的表面上存活数天。

　　Washing your hands properly and coughing into a handkerchief, tissue or sleeve, especially in public places, can help minimize the risk of contagion, Professor Van-Tam said.

　　范-塔姆教授说，以正确的方式洗手，对着手帕、纸巾或袖子咳嗽(特别是在公共场所)，可以帮助减少传染风险。

　　“These simple precautions can help prevent pandemics and are most important in crowded areas like airports that have a high volume of people traveling to and from many different parts of the world,” he added.

　　“这些简单的预防措施可以帮助预防流行病，这在人群中多的地区最为重要，例如那些有大量人员往返世界各地的机场，”他补充说。