双语：不堪重负“过度旅游”使热门城市面临危机

　　旅游业可以促进经济发展，但过度发展却会加重生态和社会负担。当前，世界各地的主要旅游城市都或多或少地面临被游客包围的窘境，甚至引发了当地政府和居民对游客的排斥。最近发布的一份报告对旅游城市作出分类，来看看哪些城市正面临着这种危机。

　　Amsterdam, Venice, Barcelona, Paris – the poster children for overtourism are well-known. Now, 20 more cities are on alert lest they turn into the future face of the problem, according to a new report from the World Travel & Tourism Council and commercial real estate firm JLL.

　　阿姆斯特丹、威尼斯、巴塞罗那、巴黎——这些城市都是众所周知的过度旅游城市典型。如今，世界旅游及旅行理事会和商业地产公司仲量联行的一份新报告称，还有20多个城市需要提高警惕，否则将在今后面临同样的问题。

　　The report, called “Destination 2030”, examines the tourism “readiness” of 50 destinations around the world and groups cities into five types. The “emerging performers” category includes destinations where infrastructure and tourism momentum are growing along with the pressures associated with more tourists. Those cities were Bangkok, Cape Town, Ho Chi Minh City, Istanbul, Jakarta, Mexico City and New Delhi.

　　这份名为《2030年旅游目的地》的报告考察了全球50个旅游目的地的“接待能力”，并将这些城市分为五种类型。“新兴成员”类型指的是基础设施和旅游势头在发展，同时伴随游客压力的城市，包括曼谷、开普敦、胡志明市、伊斯坦布尔、雅加达、墨西哥城和新德里。

　　Another 13 cities – called “mature performers” – were described as having an established tourism infrastructure, strong leisure or business travel, and good positioning to manage current growth levels.

　　另外13个被称为“成熟成员”的城市拥有完善的旅游基础设施、表现强劲的休闲或商务旅游业，以及控制当前增长水平的良好定位。

　　“But there is a risk of future strains related to visit volume, infrastructure or activity that is testing readiness for additional growth,” the report says.

　　报告称：“但这些城市未来可能会出现游客量、基础设施或活动等方面的压力，检验当地旅游业在业务增长情况下的接待能力。”

　　It lists Auckland, Berlin, Dublin, Las Vegas, Lisbon, London, Los Angeles, Madrid, Miami, New York, Seoul, Seville, and Sydney in this category.

　　报告将奥克兰、柏林、都柏林、拉斯维加斯、里斯本、伦敦、洛杉矶、马德里、迈阿密、纽约、首尔、塞维利亚和悉尼归入“成熟成员”类别。

　　People take part in 2018 Tenby Boxing Day Swim in Wales, UK. [Photo/IC]“Over the past few years … several destinations, and cities in particular, have been criticized in the media for the under-management of travel and tourism and the stresses that visitor numbers have put on urban systems and residents,” the report says.

　　报告指出：“过去几年来……一些旅游目的地，特别是某些城市，因对旅游业管理不善，以及游客过多给城市系统和居民带来压力而受到媒体批评。”

　　Some of the names most synonymous with crowds fell into the “managing momentum” type: Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris, Prague, Rome, San Francisco, Stockholm, Toronto and Vancouver.

　　那些一提到名字就让人马上想到熙熙攘攘人群的城市被归为“管理增长点”类型，包括阿姆斯特丹、巴塞罗那、巴黎、布拉格、罗马、旧金山、斯德哥尔摩、多伦多和温哥华。

　　synonymous [sɪ'nɒnɪməs]：adj.同义的;同义词的

　　Those are described as having established tourism infrastructure and urban readiness but heavy leisure travel volume “with potential to cause strain on the city”.

　　报告称，这些城市已经拥有成熟的旅游基础设施和游客接待能力，但大量的休闲游客“有可能给城市带来压力”。