“最严垃圾分类措施”进入倒计时上海市垃圾分类四类学起来！

　　Shanghai's new domestic garbage management regulation will come into full effect on July 1. The new rule classifies the categories of residential trash and aims at improving sorting and recycling waste. Still, it declared penalties for refusing to sort garbage for the first time. Individuals will be fined up to 200 yuan (about 30 U.S. dollars) while organizations will receive a whopping fine of 50,000 yuan (about 7,270 U.S. dollars). Besides, those who refuse to observe their duty in garbage sorting, obstruct law enforcers and cause "serious negative social impact" or consequences, will see their personal credit deducted. According to the regulation, domestic garbage is classified into four types: recyclable, hazardous, wet and dry garbage.

　　7月1日《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》正式实施，上海居民将迎来史上最严垃圾分类措施。根据《条例》，对没有将生活垃圾分类投放的个人可处以50至200元的罚款。这个《条例》之所以引人注目，在于其标志性意义：在进行20多年倡导工作后，上海率先将垃圾分类纳入法治框架。

　　目前，北京、上海、广州、深圳等超大城市已经就生活垃圾管理进行修法或立法，通过督促引导，强化全流程分类、严格执法监管，让更多人行动起来。有专家将这形容为垃圾分类进入“强制时代”，这意味着，垃圾分类将从以往的环保志愿行动转变为每个居民应尽的法律义务。

　　长期以来，许多人已经习惯了较为粗放的垃圾投放方式，改变起来难度极大。通过罚款、纳入征信等多种方式来“强制”，目的不是惩罚，而是引导。广大居民是实施垃圾分类的最大主体，不论怎样的制度设计，最终还是要落到源头。“知行合一，关键在行”，希望各地探索积累更多好模式、好试点，引领更多人养成垃圾分类的好习惯。

　　垃圾分类那些事，你了解吗?