科普贴：为什么有些人那么招蚊子？（双语）

　　最要命的体质，除了招黑，还有招蚊子。

　　盛夏时节，除了酷热，最让人难以忍受的恐怕就是被蚊子咬，让人更加难以忍受的则是，周围有一圈人，但蚊子只咬你一个!为什么被蚊子咬的总是你?

　　Some people can sit outside all summer long and not suffer from mosquito bites. Others turn into an itchy mess despite bathing in DEET and never leaving the purple glow of the bug zapper.

　　有些人可以整个夏天坐在户外乘凉却不被蚊子叮咬，而另有一些人即便用含驱蚊胺的沐浴露洗浴、随身带着灭蚊灯，却仍遭蚊子叮咬而奇痒难耐。

　　zapper['zæpɚ]：n.微波灭虫器

　　It's mostly about the invisible chemical landscape of the air around us. Mosquitoes take advantage of this landscape by using specialized behaviors and sensory organs to find victims by following the subtle chemical traces their bodies leave behind.

　　这主要是因为我们身体周围空气中肉眼看不见的化学成分。通过特殊习性和感觉器官，蚊子利用这种化学环境，跟踪人体留下的细微化学痕迹找到叮咬对象。

　　In particular, mosquitoes rely on carbon dioxide to find their hosts. When we exhale, the carbon dioxide from our lungs doesn't immediately blend with the air. It temporarily stays in plumes that mosquitoes follow like breadcrumbs.

　　具体来说，蚊子能够靠人体释放的二氧化碳找到它们叮咬的对象。当我们呼气时，从肺里呼出的二氧化碳并非立即与空气混合，而是暂时形成类似于面包粉的团块状气流，而蚊子会跟踪这种气流。

　　plume [pluːm]：n.羽毛;羽毛装饰物;(尤指污染物)一团物质

　　"Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to those pulses of carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations than the normal ambient air contains," said Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. Using carbon dioxide, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 164 feet (50 meters) away.

　　荷兰瓦赫宁恩大学的昆虫学家约普·范隆说：“蚊子开始自我定位，跟踪那些二氧化碳气流，并在它们感觉到二氧化碳浓度比正常环境空气的浓度高时保持逆流飞行。”利用二氧化碳，蚊子可以锁定164英尺(约合50米)以外的目标。

　　upwind[ʌp'wɪnd]：adv.逆风地

　　ambient air：环境空气

　　entomologist[,ɛntə'mɑlədʒɪst]：n.昆虫学者

　　Things start getting personal when mosquitoes get about 3 feet (1 meter) away from a group of potential targets. In close quarters, mosquitoes take into account a lot of factors that vary from person to person, including skin temperature, the presence of water vapor and color.

　　当蚊子飞到离一群潜在目标大约3英尺远时，就开始区分每个人的不同情况。在近距离时，蚊子考虑很多因人而异的因素，包括皮肤温度、水汽的存在和颜色。

　　close quarters：近距离

　　Scientists think the most important variable mosquitoes rely on when choosing one person over another are the chemical compounds produced by the colonies of microbes that live on our skin.

　　科学家们认为，蚊子选择某个特定的人作为叮咬目标依据的一个最重要因素是，皮肤上微生物菌落产生的化学成分。