最新研究：会乐器的人学习成绩更好（双语）

　　近日高考放榜，亮点颇多，第二届中国诗词大会总冠军武亦姝在上海高考(满分660分)中拿下理科613分的成绩，即将入读清华大学新雅书院理科试验班类。

　　网友除了表示自己是清华永远得不到的人之外，还对武亦姝文理兼备的强大能力表达了钦佩。

　　有人发问，是文学的背景让她如此优秀，还是她本身就勤奋优秀才文理都好呢?孰因孰果，争论不休。

　　长久以来，“文科缺乏数理思维，理科不懂风月，艺术生成绩不行”这些既有偏见深入人心。

　　不过，英属哥伦比亚大学最近在官网上公布了一则研究结果，显示音乐生的成绩比非音乐生要更好(Music students do better in school than non-musical peers)。

　　注意，这里“音乐生”的概念跟我们通常的理解不一样，它指的是选修了高中开设的音乐课的学生。因此“非音乐生”指的就是未选修音乐课的学生，而非我们理解的“文化生”。

　　High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.

　　《教育心理学》杂志上发表的一项新研究表明，参加音乐课程的高中生在数学、科学和英语考试中的成绩明显好于未参加音乐课的同龄人。

　　“The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and continued playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, regardless of their socioeconomic background, ethnicity, prior learning in mathematics and English, and gender,” said UBC education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis.

　　该研究的主要研究者，英属哥伦比亚大学教育学教授Peter Gouzouasis表示：“在小学学习了一门乐器，并在高中继续学习乐器的学生不仅成绩更好，而且在不考虑他们的社会经济背景、族裔、性别，以及在数学和英语等方面的提前补习的情况下，仅根据他们的考试成绩来看，他们在英语、数学和科学技能方面比未接受音乐教育的同龄人领先了一个学年。”

　　这项研究调查了2012年至2015年在不列颠哥伦比亚省公立学校完成12年级学业的所有学生的数据。数据样本由超过11.2万名学生组成。

　　Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students taking music. Qualifying music courses are courses that require previous instrumental music experience and include concert band, conservatory piano, orchestra, jazz band, concert choir and vocal jazz.

　　在常规课程中学习过至少一门器乐课程的学生被视为学习过音乐的学生。这些音乐课程是指需要器乐经验的课程，包括音乐会乐队、音乐学院钢琴、管弦乐队、爵士乐队、音乐会合唱团和声乐爵士乐等课程。

　　The researchers found the predictive relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music transfer very broadly to the students’ learning in school.

　　研究人员发现，音乐教育与学业成就之间的预测关系对于那些练习过器乐而不是声乐的人来说更为明显。研究结果表明，在器乐方面所学的技能很大程度上能转移到学生在学校的学习中。

　　英属哥伦比亚大学人口与公共卫生学院的助理教授Martin Guhn表示：

　　“A student has to learn to read music notation, develop eye-hand-mind coordination, develop keen listening skills, develop team skills for playing in an ensemble and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in enhancing the learner’s cognitive capacities, executive functions, motivation to learn in school, and self-efficacy.”

　　“学生必须学会看懂乐谱，培养眼手脑协调能力、敏锐的听力、团队合奏技巧，勤奋练功等等。所有这些学习经验，都在提高学习者的认知能力、执行力、在学校学习的驱动力，以及自我效能方面发挥了作用。”