科学家说：如果有这6个特征，你就可能是变态！（双语）

　　Most people are familiar with the major characteristics of psychopathy([saɪ'kɑpəθi] n. 精神病，精神障碍) (which is essentially the same thing as sociopathy as far as clinicians are concerned). Psychopaths don't feel empathy([ˈempəθi] n. 移情作用;感同身受;共鸣)or remorse([rɪˈmɔːrs] n. 懊悔;同情), are superficially charming, and prone to manipulating those around them for their own gain. However, research has found links between more out-there characteristics and psychopathy, like the kind of foods you eat or the music you listen to.

　　大多数人对精神变态者的典型特征都很熟悉(就临床学来说，精神变态者在本质上就等同于社会病态者)。一般来说，精神变态是没有同情心或者是忏悔之心的，他们在表面上魅力无限，但实际上是很容易为了自身的利益而操纵周围的人。然而，学者们研究发现，内在的精神变态也会体现在很多外在特征上，比如你吃的食物或者是听的音乐。

　　Psychopathy occurs in an estimated([ɛstəˌmetɪd] adj. 估计的;估算的)1 percent of the population, but don't worry—people who have psychopathic characteristics aren't necessarily serial killers. In 2005, neuroscientist James Fallon, while studying the brain activity of psychopaths (including murderers) in the lab, discovered that their brain showed many of the same patterns.

　　据估计，人类中1%的人都患有精神疾病，但不用太担心——具有精神病特征的人不一定是连环杀手。2005年，神经学家詹姆斯·法伦在实验室里研究精神病患者(包括杀人犯)的大脑活动时发现，他们的大脑有着很多相似的模式。

　　Below are six unexpected characteristics linked to being a psychopath, according to recent studies. Take this list with a grain of salt: It's entirely possible to have several of them and be perfectly well-adjusted(adj. 完全调试好了的;完全适应环境的), and many of these studies are small. Still, it's interesting to consider the potential dark side of common traits.

　　根据最近的研究，接下来列举的是六个与精神病有关的、令人意想不到的特征。请务必对这张清单持保留态度：人们完全有可能中了很多条，却仍然活得好好的，而且这其中许多研究的规模都很小。尽管如此，考虑这些共同特征背后潜在的黑暗面，还是非常有趣的。

　　1. YOU STUDIED BUSINESS

　　你学的是商科

　　Different jobs attract different personality types. Most painfully shy people don't go into sales, for instance, while the job might be very appealing for someone who's extremely outgoing and extraverted. If you're a psychopath, on the other hand, you probably are drawn to business.

　　不同的工作会吸引不同性格类型的人。就比如说，很多极度害羞的人都不会去选择做销售，可这份工作对于那些很外向的人就特别有吸引力。另一方面，如果你是一个精神病患者，你就有可能会对商业学科有很强烈的兴趣。

　　A 2017 Danish study that analyzed how personality traits correlate with choice of undergraduate majors found that students who scored higher on measures of the "Dark Triad"(黑暗三性格)—a collective term for narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy—were more likely to study economics or business than law or psychology.

　　2017年，丹麦学者的一项研究分析了性格特征与本科专业选择之间的关系，发现在“黑暗三性格”测试中测试中得分较高的学生，更有可能去选择经济学或商科，而不是法律或心理学。(Dark Triad是心理学术语“黑暗三性格”，指的是自恋、马基雅维利主义权术与谋略、精神病态的统称)

　　"The desire for power, status, and money characterizing Dark Triad individuals," the researchers write, seems to guide their choice of majors. In other words, going into the business world may not make people unscrupulous([ʌnˈskruːpjələs] adj. 肆无忌惮的;不讲道德的) as much as unscrupulous people tend to go into business.

　　研究人员写道：“黑暗三性格指数较高的人，他们对权力、地位和金钱的渴望似乎引导着他们对专业的选择。”换句话说，选择进入商业圈的人可能不是那种不择手段的人，但那种性格极端、寡廉鲜耻的人却更倾向于经商。

　　2. YOU DON'T CATCH YAWNS

　　你不会被传染哈欠

　　Being a psychopath is often linked to a lack of empathy for other people. There's more to empathy than just feeling others' pain, though. One of the theories for contagious([kənˈteɪdʒəs] adj. 感染性的;会蔓延的)yawning is that it's an empathy response, one found in multiple animal species.

　　精神病患者常常被认为是对他人缺乏同理心。然而，同理心并不仅仅指的是可以对别人的痛苦感同身受。有关于传染哈欠(就是你如果看到了其他人打哈欠，你也会不由自主地打哈欠，像是被迅速传染上一样)的理论之一是，这是一种在很多种动物中都有发现的移情反应。

　　Psychopaths, however, don't catch yawns([jɔːn] v.打哈欠;豁开 n.打哈欠), according to a 2015 study of 135 university students in Texas. The students who scored higher on measures of psychopathy didn't yawn as much in response to watching videos of other people yawning, the researchers found. If you're impervious to the sight of yawns, you might have an empathy problem.

　　然而，2015年科学家对德克萨斯州135名大学生做的一项研究表示，那些精神病患者不会被别人传染哈欠。研究人员发现，那些在精神病测试中得分较高的学生在观看其他人打哈欠的视频时，打哈欠的次数并没有其他人那么多。所以，如果你对其他人的哈欠没什么反应，你就可能缺失了一些同理心。

　　3. YOU'RE A NIGHT OWL

　　你是夜猫子

　　Our internal clocks are particular beasts. Some of us will just never be morning people, no matter how hard we try, and others will never be able to go to bed early. To some extent, your circadian rhythm(

　　生理节律;日周期节律) is genetic, though in general, it does change over your lifetime.

　　我们身体里面的生物钟就像是一个特殊的小怪兽。我们中的一部分人无论多么努力，都永远不会成为早起的人;而另一部分人也永远都做不到早睡。从某种程度上说，你的昼夜规律是遗传的，不过总体而言，这种规律会随着你的人生不断变化着。