12月9日,世界反兴奋剂机构(WADA)执委会在瑞士洛桑宣布,禁止俄罗斯在未来4年参加所有大型国际赛事。
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) on Monday banned Russia from major global sporting events in the next four years including the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and 2022 World Cup in Qatar after accusing Moscow of falsifying data from an anti-doping laboratory.
世界反兴奋剂机构日前指控俄罗斯反兴奋剂实验室数据造假,并于12月9日宣布禁止其在未来四年参加所有大型国际赛事,包括2020年东京奥运会、2022年北京冬奥会,以及2022年卡塔尔世界杯。
Under the sanctions, the Russian flag and anthem are also prohibited from being displayed at major events.
根据禁令规定,俄罗斯的国旗和国歌也不得在大型赛事中展示。
If the bans are ultimately enforced, Russian athletes who can prove they are untainted by the doping scandal will be able to compete under a neutral flag.
如果禁令最终得以实施,俄罗斯运动员在能够证明自己没有卷入兴奋剂丑闻的情况下,可以使用中立旗帜参加比赛。
【何为大型国际赛事?】
根据世界反兴奋剂机构官网发布的新闻稿,这里所说的“大型国际赛事(major global events)”包括以下四类:
(a) the Youth Olympic Games (summer and winter);
夏季和冬季青年奥运会;
(b) the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (summer and winter);
夏季和冬季奥运会及残奥会;
(c) any other event organized by a Major Event Organisation;
由大型赛事组织机构组织的其他比赛;
(d) any World Championships organized or sanctioned by any Signatory.
由任何签约成员组织或批准的国际锦标赛。
今年早些时候,WADA的合规性审查委员会(CRC)宣布俄罗斯反兴奋剂机构(RUSADA)因运动员测试结果的关键数据库中的不一致而不合规。
Evidence shows that Russian authorities tampered with a Moscow laboratory database to hide hundreds of potential doping cases and falsely shift the blame onto whistleblowers, both WADA investigators and the International Olympic Committee said last month.
WADA调查人员和国际奥委会均在上个月表示,证据显示,俄罗斯当局篡改了莫斯科实验室数据库,以便隐藏数百个潜在的兴奋剂案件,并把责任归咎于举报人。
Authorities were accused of helping to cover up drug abuse, including while Russia hosted the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics.
俄罗斯当局被指控帮助掩盖滥用药物的事实,包括2014年俄罗斯主办索契冬季奥运会的时候。
【相关背景】
2017年12月,国际奥委会执委会宣布禁止俄罗斯代表团参加2018年2月在韩国平昌举行的冬奥会,但是允许符合条件的运动员以中立身份参加个人或集体项目。
A total of 168 Russian athletes competed under a neutral flag at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang.
2018年平昌冬奥会期间,共有168名俄罗斯运动员持中立旗参赛。
这些清白的参赛运动员被称为“来自俄罗斯的奥林匹克运动员(Olympic Athletes from Russia)”,在平昌冬奥会上,伴随他们出现的是国际奥委会会旗(the Olympic flag)、国际奥林匹克会歌(the Olympic Anthem),运动员获得的任何奖牌都不属于俄罗斯。
▌明年欧洲杯未受影响
Despite the ban, Russia will be able to compete at Euro 2020 - in which St Petersburg will be a host city - as European football's governing body UEFA is not defined as a "major event organization" with regards to rulings on anti-doping breaches.
明年在圣彼得堡举行的2020年欧洲杯将不受禁令影响,因为在世界反兴奋剂机构作出的裁决中,欧足联未被认定为“大型赛事组织机构”。
FIFA said it had "taken note" of WADA's decision, adding: "FIFA is in contact withWADA to clarify the extent of the decision in regards to football."
国际足联表示已经“注意到”世界反兴奋剂机构的决定,并称“国际足联正在与世界反兴奋剂机构联络,以明确该决定对足球比赛的影响范围。”
The promoters of the F1 Russian Grand Prix 2020 also said they were "confident" the race would go ahead because their contract was signed before the WADA investigation and runs until 2025.
2020年F1俄罗斯大奖赛宣传方也表示,他们“相信”比赛会如期举行,因为赛事合约在世界反兴奋剂机构调查前已经签订,且有效期到2025年。
▌俄当局回应
Russian President Vladimir Putin slams WADA ban as "politically biased collective punishment" of Russian athletes.
俄罗斯总统普京抨击WADA禁令是对俄罗斯运动员的“带有政治偏见的集体惩罚”。
“The key thing, and everyone is in agreement here, any punishment has to be individual, has to be targeted based on what a particular individual has done. We can’t have collective punishment,” Putin said. “We cannot punish people who have nothing to do whatsoever with violations.”
“关键是,每个人都同意这一点,任何惩罚都必须是针对个人的,必须基于某个人的行为来惩罚。我们不能搞集体惩罚,”普京说道。“我们不能惩罚没有犯规的人。”
WADA says RUSADA has 21 days to appeal against the ban. If it does so, the appeal will be referred to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS).
世界反兴奋剂机构表示,俄罗斯可在21天内对该禁令提出申诉。发起的申诉将交由国际体育仲裁法庭受理。
Putin said the country had grounds to appeal against the decision.
普京表示,俄方有理由对该决定提出申诉。
Notes
禁赛 match ban
药检 doping test
公平竞争 fair play
操控实验室数据 manipulate laboratory data
廉洁体育 clean sport
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