中国正在考虑通过经济奖励措施鼓励民众生育二孩

　　China is mulling financial incentives to encourage couples to have a second child， as surveys show many are reluctant to expand their families due to economic constraints.

　　由于多项调查显示很多夫妇出于经济约束不意扩大他们的家庭成员，中国正在考虑通过经济奖励措施鼓励他们生二孩。

　　Wang Pei‘an， vice-minister of the National Health and Family Planning Commission， revealed the potential move at a social welfare conference on Saturday.

　　国家卫计委副部长王培安在周六的社会福利会议上透露了这一潜在的举动。

　　Top decision-makers last year relaxed the more than four-decade-old family planning policy to allow， if not encourage， all Chinese couples to have a second child.

　　高层决策者们去年放宽了为期四十余年的计划生育政策，允许(即使不是鼓励)所有中国夫妇生育二孩。

　　Nationwide， the change led to 17.8 million births in 2016， an increase of more than 1.3 million compared with the previous year and the biggest annual increase in 20 years.

　　在全国范围内，这一变化导致了2016年1780万人口的出生，比去年多出130多万，为近20年内最大的年增长。

　　“That fully met the expectations， but barriers still exist and must be addressed，” Wang told the conference. “To have a second child is the right of each family in China， but affordability has become a bottleneck that undermines the decision.”

　　“这完全达到了预期，但是仍有障碍，并且必须解决，” 王培安在会议上表示。“在中国，生育二孩是每一个家庭的权利，但是负担能力已经成为了破坏该决定的一个瓶颈。”

　　A survey by the commission in 2015 found that 60 percent of families polled expressed reluctance to have a second baby largely due to economic constraints.

　　国家卫计委2015年的一项调查发现，投票家庭中有60%表示不愿生育二孩，这在很大程度上是由于经济约束。

　　To address that， Wang said， the government is considering introducing supporting measures including “birth rewards and subsidies” to encourage people to have another child.

　　王培安说道，为了解决这个问题，政府正在考虑引入包括“出生奖励和补贴”在内的各项支持措施，从而鼓励人们再生一个孩子。

　　It is the first time that the top population authority has suggested such a move to boost the birthrate， according to Yuan Xin， a professor at Nankai University in Tianjin.

　　据天津南开大学袁鑫教授介绍，这是最高人口机构首次暗示利用此举提高出生率。

　　The Hunan provincial statistics authority also suggested in a recent report that the local government give subsidies to couples having a second baby to help reverse falling fertility rates.

　　湖南省统计机关也在近期的一份报告中建议，地方政府应该向生育二孩的夫妇提供补贴，从而帮助扭转下跌的生育率。

　　“It‘s not easy， and a ’baby bonus‘ plan should be applied evenly nationwide as all government policies should be transparent and fair for all，” he said， adding that the population authority alone cannot handle such a plan as it requires consensus and cooperation among all authorities.

　　他说道：“这并不容易，‘婴儿补贴’计划应该在全国范围内开展，所有的政府政策也应对大家透明、公平。”他还补充说，单是人口机构是无法处理这一计划的，因为它要求所有机构间的一致与合作。

　　In some low-fertility countries like Japan， baby incentives such as cash subsidies， prolonged maternity leave， tax breaks， and child and healthcare benefits have been introduced by the government to boost the population.

　　在像日本这样的低生育国家，政府为了增加人口已经引入了现金补贴、延长产假、税收减免和孩子、医疗福利等婴儿激励措施。

（编辑：何莹莹）